Passage 2

 

        Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal-or at least many parts of it have. In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned. Ideas about social class-whether a person is “working-class” or “middle-class”-are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.

 

        In the past, the working-class tended to be paid less than middle-class people, such as teachers and doctors. As a result of this and also of the fact that workers’ jobs were generally much less secure, distinct differences in life-styles and attitudes came into existence. The typical working man would collect his wages on Friday evening and then, it was widely believed, having given his wife her “housekeeping”, would go out and squander the rest on beer and betting.

 

        The stereotype of what a middle-class man did with his money was perhaps nearer the truth. He was-and still is – inclined to take a longer-term view. Not only did he regard buying a house of these provided him and his family with security. Only in very few cases did workers have the opportunity (or the education and training) to make such long-term plans.

 

        Nowadays, a great deal has changed. In a large number of cases factory workers earn as much, if not more, than their middle-class supervisors. Social security and laws to improve century, have made it less necessary than before to worry about “tomorrow”. Working-class people seem slowly to be losing the feeling of inferiority they had in the past. In fact there has been a growing tendency in the past few years for the middle-classes to feel slightly ashamed of their position.

 

        The changes in both life-styles and attitudes are probably most easily seen amongst younger people. They generally tend to share very similar tastes in music and clothes, they spend their money in having a good time, and save for holidays or longer-term plans when necessary. There seems to be much less difference than in precious generations. Nevertheless, we still have a wide gap between the well-paid (whatever the type of job they may have) and the low-paid. As long as this gap exists, there will always be a possibility that new conflicts and jealousies will emerge, or rather that the old conflicts will re-appear, but between different groups.

 

1. In the second paragraph, the word “distinct” means _____.

A. clear     B. notable     C. likely     D. different

2. The word “typical” in the second paragraph is closest to _____ in meaning.

A. very    B. different    C. tropical    D. representative

3. In the second paragraph, the word “squander” probably means _____.

A. spend     B. waste     C. take     D. expend

4. The word “stereotype” in the third paragraph means _____.

A. specific type     B. special type     C. fixed way     D. bad habit

5. The word “inclined” in the third paragraph means _______.

A. prone     B. apt     C. liable     D. all above are correct

6. The underlined word “inferiority” in the fourth paragraph probably means _____.

A. self-contempt      B. abandonment      C. conceit      D. arrogance

7. Explain the word “emerge” in the last paragraph in your own word(s).

    "Emerge" means __________.

 

参考答案：

1. 1. A (distinct: easily heard, seen, felt or understood; definite; clear 明显的)

2. 2. D (typical: having the distinctive qualities of a particular type of person or thing; representative 典型的)

3. 3. B (squander: waste money, time, etc. in a stupid or careless way 浪费)

4. 4. C (stereotype: image, idea, character, etc. that has become fixed or standardized in a conventional form without individuality 成见)

5. 5. D (inclined: tend to do sth; be likely to do sth. 倾向于)

6. 6. A (inferiority: the state of not being as good as sb./sth. else 自觉不如)

7. 7. emerge: come out or appear gradually 出现